Comparative Study Of TiO2 and TiSiO4 nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Stress And Apoptosis Of HEK-293 Cells

¹School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, India
²Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi, India

Adv. Mater. Lett., 2012, 'ICNANO 2011' Special Issue-1, 3 (6), pp 459-465

DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2012.icnano.157

Publication Date (Web): Sep 23, 2012

Copyright © IAAM-VBRI Press

Abstract

The aim of this study is to compare the cyto and genotoxic effects of TiO₂ and TiSiO₄ nanoparticles on human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). The cell viability, induction of oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis induction were assessed after 48 h of cell exposure to TiO₂ and TiSiO₄ nanoparticles separately. Our results showed that nanoparticles induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) followed by significant depletion of glutathione levels and increased lipid peroxidation. The cells exhibited apoptotic morphology like condensed chromatin and nuclear fragmentation after 48 h of treatment. Both the particles induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in a dose dependent manner. Oxidative stress is the underlying mechanism by which nanoparticle causes DNA damage and apoptosis. This study further indicate that TiO₂ nanoparticles has more toxic effects than TiSiO₄ nanoparticles on HEK cells, which demonstrate that larger size may be responsible for retardant of cellular uptake. This might be reducing the toxicity of TiSiO₄ nanoparticles.

Keywords

TiO2 nanoparticle, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis.